Author: Tory Fodder

  • Reconsidering Paris’s Judgment

    The Judgment of Paris - Gore Vidal.jpg

    I never knew much about Gore Vidal, spare his notable row at the 1968 Democratic National Convention with William F. Buckley, Jr., where Buckley threatened to “sock [Vidal] in the goddamn face.”

    Here’s a moment of silence for the death of live TV. 

    Naturally, when I heard that Mr. Vidal had himself gone the way of live television a few days ago, I was a bit ashamed that I had not read any of his works, although Buckley dismissed them forthrightly as “perverted, Hollywood-minded prose.” Even so, I decided to rectify the situation by making my way down to the local book seller where I found Mr. Vidal’s “The Judgment of Paris” above. 

    Now, the premise of the book is intriguing in its own right. Vidal sought to add a personal take on the eponymous Greek myth – as opposed to, say, the eponymous website extolling the virtues of plus-sized models. At risk of boring you with too many details, the myth finds Paris judging a celestial beauty pageant between Hera (Queen of the Gods), Athena (Goddess of Wisdom), and Aphrodite (Goddess of Love/Pleasure). Each goddess employs her wiles upon young Paris, making the contest quite fierce indeed. The ultimate winner is Aphrodite who gifts Paris (a mere mortal Trojan) the most beautiful woman in the world, Helen of Sparta. The rest, as they say, is mythology. Helen of Sparta assumes the much more well-known name, Helen of Troy. Thus, begins the Trojan War. Homer writes The Iliad and The Odyssey, and Western Civilization is born. Of course, Western Civilization is subsequently destroyed by the Cohn Brothers’ retelling of The Odyssey in O Brother, Where Art Thou? but that’s a different matter. Call me the man of constant sorrow.

    Anyway, in Vidal’s novel, young Philip Warren is similarly positioned to choose between three women, each of whom in some way mirrors the virtues of the Greek goddesses above. The task proves to be quite the embarrassment of riches for so young a man. First, he is seduced by Regina the arm candy of a major politician who offers him a career in politics and the promise of power. His next encounter is with Sophia a burgeoning academic who catches Warren’s eye but never his lust, as wisdom herself has suffered at the hand of many a man throughout the ages. Finally, Warren meets Anna, yet another married woman, with whom he begins a smoldering affair. 

    Vidal’s resolution of the myth is much less clear than the Greeks’ myth. But the one bit of writing that struck me was the quote from Warren toward the end of the novel as he grapples with the choices he has made over the past year: 

    I find it demoralizing to realize that there is no such thing as future, only a long present…that all acts are essentially meaningless, except of course to one’s self. p.203.

    It may seem strange but I find the obvious nihilism of Vidal’s character to be mildly comforting. To accept life’s transience is really a means by which one may simply live. And perhaps that’s Vidal’s point. Like Paris, we mortals have only this long present, so the best we can do is make a go of things incrementally. Long planning is a farce for there’s no guarantee of a tomorrow let alone tomorrows many years hence. Or as the Greek Goddess Nike might say, “just do it.”

    In all, the story was an interesting spin on an ancient tale that all but solidified Vidal’s stature in my mind as a truly entertaining writer – his political views and literary predilections notwithstanding. 

  • Learning Zen, The Hard Way

    IMG 0291

    Apologies readers for a long delay in posting. I’m glad to say that while I may not have built Pax Plena, and though I may have left it in a somewhat derelict state, the site is, indeed, not dead.

    My lack of posts can best be summed up as having an over abundance of time. With Tucson’s sultry monsoon season upon us, I’ve spent a great deal of time enjoying the climate control of our casita, enjoying a glass of bourbon, and reading Robert M. Pirsig’s Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance. While such ventures tend to be more rooted in the introspective rather than the productive, according to Pirsig’s Zen principles, the act of doing nothing is as much a virtue as a vice. 

    Pirsig ultimately sums up our state of existence as follows: 

    The past cannot remember the past. The future can’t generate the future. The cutting edge of this instant right here and now is always nothing less than the totality of everything there is. p.289. 

    In other words, this moment is all there is. We can no more plan for our future with any measurable certainty than we can rectify the past through our actions in the future. The best we can do, according to Pirsig, is to appreciate “the totality of everything there is,” and presumably take measures to enjoy it a lot more. This has been my personal challenge this summer. Being one who would much rather be active and about the work of some project, having completed my education and being in between jobs, this summer I have had little alternative than to attempt to purposefully structure my time. For example, in order to pass the evenings, I typically sit on my porch to smoke a cigar. Cigars of the corona variety, take about 30 minutes or so to smoke – assuming one draws-in and exhales, as opposed to merely huffing and puffing. 

    In honesty, the results have been mixed. I find my mind wanders a great deal when I attempt to set aside time for my zen aspirations. I’m sure a better Buddhist would tell me that “I’m doing it wrong.” Still, I find the time is relaxing even if it has not been overly productive in a typical sense. It’s nice to consider all the things going on in our world, to consider the structural challenges to progress that our lot faces, and even to consider the immediate future, to appreciate my wife, our soon-to-be-born son, family, friends, and of course our Pooch.

    I can’t say that this has been an altogether bad summer. I suppose my reticence to enjoy the here and now as Pirsig would have me do is really a reflection of my own soul and personality. Bertrand Russell struck a similar tone in his essay, In Praise of Idleness. My own autobiography might be better titled, Idly Praising, at least so far as this summer is concerned. The notion of idleness is not something I have come to find comfortable, my study of Pirsig notwithstanding.  

    Still, change comes as it invariably must. Fall will be here soon. In the coming weeks, we have a number of major, life events looming on the horizon including deciding my professional next steps, the prospect of relocation from Tucson, and, of course, the joyful arrival or our son in October – to say nothing of the start of Football season, which is one of the ways God shares his love with us. 

    While I have not learned Pirsig’s lessons about living in the now, it would be amiss to say that I’ve learned nothing. I am gradually coming to terms with the unknown. By this point, the unknown is more like an old friend than an apparition. And like the fisherman in my Bonsai above, I’m content to enjoy my shade, and let time work its transition from a future of possibility into the certitude of the past. 

  • New Scholarship: "A Libertarian Framework for Indian Rights"

    This site is long overdue for an update. For now, I’m pleased to share the above post about my work from the Indian Law blog Turtle Talk run by Prof. Matthew Fletcher at Michigan State University Law School.

    Prof. Fletcher’s website posted a link to my SSRN profile and shared the abstract of my dissertation with the Turtle Talk community.

    Many thanks to Turtle Talk! Looking forward to having new conversations with friends and colleagues about the libertarian framework for Indian rights.

  • Book Review: Malarky

    Book Review  Malarky

    The subject matter of Anakana Schofield’s Malarky is one that appeals to a very specific subset of readers. The novel presents an Irish farmwife’s perspective of marital infidelity and her struggle to accept her son’s homosexuality. Being neither an Irish farmwife, nor (thankfully) having ever been in a situation to deal with marital infidelity, suffice it to say, empathy was not something that abounded within me as I read the work. 

    But what I can appreciate about Schofield’s novel is how her writing style adds structure and definition to the lead character’s stream of consciousness. The book itself is written non-linearly, in a series of twenty episodes. That is to say, each episode (or chapter) reads like an individual short story, as opposed to each chapter advancing a greater narrative. The disjointed nature of the book places even greater emphasis on Ms. Schofield’s writing abilities. A lesser writer would not hold a reader’s attention for long, but Schofield’s running narration of “Our Woman’s” thoughts makes for an entertaining, thought-provoking read that surpasses the novel’s lack of constancy. 

    Regarding her peculiar format, Ms. Schofield explains away the method as an attempt at being truer to life: 

    This structure serves to reflect the nature of a whole life and the act of remembering and to record the fact that we do not remember chronologically. We do not recall necessarily “in sequence,” so I find the chronological unrolling narrative to be a falsehood.

    Anakana Schofield, Press Release: Malarky – A Novel in Episodes

    Given the author’s caveat, it strikes me as misguided to attempt to analyze the work chronologically, as a book review typically would. To summarize the book would to be to write twenty, separate summaries of each episode – a particularly harrowing prospect for my own readers, I’m sure. I suspect it is a better use of time to provide some thoughts about the work thematically. As I read the novel, three important themes emerged from the twenty episodes, all related to the modern notion of relationship. Specifically, Ms. Schofield seems to communicate that friendships are transient, romantic relationships are often rooted in the transactional, and familial relationships are never very far removed from the lurking specter of grief.

    The Transience of Friendships

    Regarding the first point, Our Woman lives a relatively atomized existence. Her social circle consists of four or five friends, her husband, and her son. From this network of relationships, the novel traces the breakdown of Our Woman’s friendships following rumors of her husband’s affair, through the actual details of how her marriage became so stagnate as to render the affair unsurprising, and ultimately through Our Woman’s graphic discovery of her son’s sexual orientation. 

    The result is that her friends make only fleeting, shallow appearances in the novel’s the episodes, rendering the characters less flesh and blood and more like the outlines and caricatures of people. It’s probably giving Schofield too much credit, but the sketch characters remind me of the Bible’s Book of Job where superficial friends berate Job only to lead him askance of God’s purposes in suffering. Similarly, in Malarky, the friends serve as distractions that prevent Our Woman from actually dealing with the various griefs that beset her. Because the friendships aren’t well-developed in the novel, Our Woman exists in a sort of void, forced to deal with her husband’s infidelity and the shock of her son’s sexual orientation without a support network. To wit, when she needs them most, her friends never appear.  

    Romance as Transaction

    The notion of relationship is further muddied in Malarky through Schofield’s treatment of marriage and romantic attachments. Malarky approaches romantic attachment from a transactional perspective, not unlike many other contemporary works of literature and cinema. For example, E.L. James’s Fifty Shades of Grey approaches the relationship between lead characters Christian and Anastasia as a literal contract of consent before the novel delves into the erotic content for which it has become so well-known (not that I would admit to reading it). Similarly, the PBS series Downton Abbey revolves entirely around the transactional nature of marriage and the question of arcane British inheritance rights. In the show, lovers and would-be lovers are constantly haunted by the question of whether they are genuinely interested in on another or simply ‘in it’ for the money.

    Given the tired motif of romance as transaction, it was difficult to see what Schofield would add to our collective understanding of the concept in general. Rather than taking readers back into the actual process of relationship as transaction (à la Downton Abbey), Schofield’s work offers a surprising glimpse into the analysis – viz., Schofield offers us a look inside the mind of a woman that is morally torn by the reality and prospect of marital infidelity.

    At risk of giving too much away, readers learn early on that Our Woman’s husband has had an affair. What boggles Our Woman’s mind is less the affair itself, than what the proverbial other woman would possibly see in her husband. Schofield writes:

    There’s so little to recommend him. And yet a woman has taken him and he has taken this woman and there’s nothing for it, she must investigate the very bones of this transaction. p.45

    Our Woman’s revelation is that her marriage had become so routine and lifeless that her husband’s affair is more intriguing than disturbing. The conclusion is a sad one in many respects, but the lack of moral outrage presents an interesting dilemma as Our Woman weighs the actual costs and benefits of whether to have her own affair in return.  

    Family and Grief

    Finally, Ms. Schofield’s work explores the concept of family through her relationships with her husband, and son. It is, of course, telling that both men die early on in the novel. In fact, page one communicates the fact that Our Woman is a widow. But the bigger point Schofield makes through the disclosure of infidelity and the details of Our Woman’s marriage is that the familial bond between husband and wife and already expired for quite some time, long before infidelity was even entered into the equation. Schofield makes the point particularly well as she recounts a conversation between Our Woman and her husband before the two fall asleep: 

    There was a brief lapse in time between them when she settled into bed that night beside Himself. He stared at the ceiling as thought his eyes are searching for a new planet to rest on, betraying an allergy to the current one. p.57.

    The excerpt communicates the husband’s (aka, Himself) obvious desire to be ‘anywhere but here’, as the saying goes. But Schofield’s writing treats the moment as an instance of lament rather than anger. In this subtle way, she transforms one of the book’s major ideas, viz., infidelity, into a synonym for grief. As readers continue in the story, the transition of infidelity into grief becomes even more stark. Schofield’s bold point is that few things in life are more tragic than a couple sharing a bed, while being veritable light years apart. 

    Schofield’s exploration of Our Woman’s son’s death makes a similar point about grief but in a much more conventional manner. Toward the end of the work, Schofield describes conversations that Our Woman has with “Grief” regarding the death of her son Jimmy – from the inside of a mental ward, no less. Jimmy has long since passed away when Our Woman reveals to Grief that she has conversations with him on a regular basis: 

    – Jimmy and I had an understanding. And in that understanding he wanted me to tell people only when I was ready. 

    – And how did you know about this? 

    – We’ve talked about it, I said. Defeated. 

    – Do you talk to him regularly?

    – As a Matter of fact I do…that was how my husband put me inside the hospital. p.151.

    Schofield’s wit makes it difficult not to laugh at Our Woman’s conclusion, despite the gallows humor of the situation. But the not-so-subtle point Schofield makes about Jimmy’s death is that Grief has become too difficult for Our Woman to bear. The remainder of the novel chronicles Our Woman’s downward spiral, and the interesting gaggle of friends she seems to make during her stay in the mental hospital. This aspect of the novel isn’t particularly original in form. Yet, Schofield’s writing as excerpted above does an admirable job of rescuing it from the realm of cliché. To put matters differently, Schofield’s writing is so entertaining as to beg one’s pardon for the overdone theme. 

    In all, I was pleasantly surprised by Ms. Schofield’s work. The novel used fairly conventional topics to make relatively unique and modern points about our understanding of relationship. Though the structure was a bit difficult to follow, the format was effective in redirecting my attention to Schofield’s writing. For those seeking a simple summer read, the work is certainly no beach read. But given the current state of trade fiction, that’s definitely a good thing.

  • Coming Soon…

    Book Review  Malarky

    Apologies for a long delayed post. When my friends at Biblioasis first approached me about doing a review of Anakana Shofield’s latest work Malarky, I had no idea that a busy travel schedule would suddenly bloom in the midst of my formerly uneventful summer. 

    Not to worry though.

    I am happy to say that the book review of Malarky is in the works, on pace for release over the weekend. If you are so inclined, please stay tuned for my thoughts on this unique bit of Canadian/Irish fiction.